¹H NMR in a few slidesHow a ¹H NMR spectrum arises and how to predict one: a nucleus in a field, shielding, δ in ppm, integration, chemical shifts and couplings.

A ¹H nucleus in a magnetic field

Electrons shield the nucleus

At 9.4 T, the frequencies are unreadable

A scale relative to TMS: δ, in ppm

The same molecules, in δ

Predicting a spectrum: ethyl acetate

1 · How many kinds of ¹H?

2 · How many ¹H of each kind?

3 · Where? Typical chemical shifts

3 · Where? The three signals in place

4 · Neighbours split a signal

4 · J depends on the geometry

4 · When the couplings differ, no lines merge

4 · Ethyl acetate, predicted

NMR: a HiFSA profile of every molecule

One profile, any field

Try it

Process NMR spectra in NMRium and draw pulse sequences, from a library of standard experiments or column by column, and save both as figures that open again. The site needs JavaScript, because every spectrum and figure is handled in your browser.

NMRium — Bruker, Varian, JEOL and JCAMP-DX, 1D and 2D, kept as figures

Pulse sequences — INEPT, DEPT, COSY, HSQC and more, drawn as figures

Talks — how a ¹H NMR spectrum arises, and how to read a pulse sequence

About — who provides it, the terms of use, how to cite it